Name : TIKA DESTIA NINDIA (5b)
And this is answers from your question
1. Socio
is society, and linguistics is a language study. So sociolinguistics is a study
of language that is related to social conditions [studied by social sciences,
especially sociology].
2. because,
Sociolinguistics will guide us in communicating by showing what language,
language or language style we should use if we talk to a certain person. For
example if we are a child in a family, of course we have to use different
languages / different styles if our interlocutors are father, mother, brother,
or sister. If we are a student, we must use different languages or styles of
teachers, to classmates or to fellow students of higher class. Sociolinguistics
will also show how we should speak when we are in a mosque, library room, park,
market, or also on a football pitch.
3. Some say that language is part of the culture,
but some say that language and culture are two different things, but have a
very close relationship, so it can not be separated. and Some say that language
is strongly influenced by culture, so everything in the culture will be
reflected in the language. Conversely, there is also a saying that language is
strongly influenced culture and way of thinking human or community speakers.
Thus the relationship of language and culture like conjoined twins, du
phenomenon is very closely like two sides of the coin, one side as the language
system and the other as a cultural system.
4.
• Semantics,the
study of the meaning of words (lexical semantics) and fixed wordcombinations ( phraseology), and how these combine to form the meanings
of sentences
•Pragmatics,the study of how utterances are used (literally, figurativy, or otherwise) in communicative acts
•Lexicography, the compiling of
dictionaries. Lexicography could be seen as a branch of applied
linguistics.
•Applied linguistics ,The application of the methods and results of
linguistics tosuch areas as language teaching; national language
policies; translation; languagein politics, advertising, classrooms
and courts (forensic linguistics).
5. A standard language or standard
variety may be defined either as a language variety used by a population for
public purposes or as a variety that has undergone standardization.
[1]
Typically, varieties that become standardized are the local dialects spoken in
the centers of commerce and government, where a need arises for a variety that
will serve more than local needs. Standardization typically involves a fixed
orthography, codification in authoritative grammars and dictionaries and public
acceptance of these standards. A standard written language is sometimes termed
by the German word Schriftsprache.
6. - A dialect is a regional or social
variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, and/or
vocabulary. Adjective: dialectal. The term dialect is often used to
characterize a way of speaking that differs from the standard variety of the
language. Nonetheless, as David Crystal explains below, "Everyone speaks a
dialect." for example if we are in the community must be around Java
language and if we are in Padang then the community will use the language
Minang
-
In
sociolinguistics, an accent (/ˈæksɪnt/ or /-ɛnt/) is a manner of pronunciation
peculiar to a particular individual, location, or nation.
[1] An accent may be identified with
the locality in which its speakers reside (a regional or geographical accent),
the socio-economic status of its speakers, their ethnicity, their caste or
social class (a social accent), or influence from their first language (a
foreign accent) . as use language in Banjarnegara which use Ngapak Language.
- Language is the sum of the parts (individual dialects).
For example, the English language is the total sum of a collection of
sublanguages such as Australian English, Cockney, and Yorkshire English.
7. Example formal language and informal
language
Formal
|
informal
|
commence
|
start
|
terminate
|
end
|
endeavour
|
try
|
8. Bahasa yang digunakan oleh setiap orang bukan tidak mungkin untuk berbeda antara yang satu dengan yang lain. Hal inilah yang sering dikenal dengan istilah variasi bahasa. Kekhususan dalam masing-masing kelompok bisa ditandai oleh adanya penggunaan variasi bahasa yang digunakan dalam suatu interaksi oleh pemakainya (Kartomiharjo, 1988: 4). Variasi dalam masing-masing kelompok ini dikenal dengan ragam bahasa atau variasi bahasa.
9. I
will use the Pidgin language, because Pidgin can be formed when there are two
or more people in a set and it will produce understandable communication.
10. people
use the code switching because everyone does not understand the language we use
suppose we use BATAK language and your neighbor or your opponent is a Java
person. so, to mediate between the two languages it is to use Indonesian to be
understood.
then why do people use code mixing?
because someone seen from one of them is his social status for example there is
a gang of women they must use code mixing to clarify their social status, they
will combine Indonesian language and english.
11. Example
Code mixing
Harry : saya will go to pasar with my
mother besok pagi
Dinda : please belikan saya sebuah
flowers yang big
Example code switching
Harry : kue wes krungu berita seng
anyar dino iki urug din?
Dinda : you rung la opo si emange?
Kanya : tiba2 datang dengan mengatakan
kalian berbicara apa?
Lalu harry menjelaskan
Harry : kami sedang membicarakan
berita terbaru hari ini.
